Which of the following phrases may indicate a protective mechanism against accountability?

The phrase "To be honest..." can serve as a protective mechanism against accountability because it often suggests that the speaker may be preparing to express a viewpoint or sentiment that could be controversial or might not align with consensus. By preemptively stating that they are being honest, the speaker may create a buffer against potential criticism or pushback regarding their opinion. This phrase can imply a certain level of defensiveness as it sets the context for the audience to view the forthcoming statement through the lens of transparency or candor, thereby lessening personal accountability for any negative consequences that might arise from the viewpoint shared.

In contrast, the other phrases do not inherently provide the same level of shielding from accountability. "According to my understanding…" often reflects a desire to convey information without asserting absolute certainty. "With all due respect…" attempts to soften criticism, indicating a challenge rather than a protective stance. "In my opinion…" simply frames what follows as subjective but does not imply a willingness to evade responsibility for the opinion itself.